The film presents original videos from the Nazi Germany period and conversations with Speer, in which the great deception he tried to present at the Nuremberg trials and in his book is revealed.[6]. [55] At the same time, Hitler also appointed Speer as head of the Organisation Todt, a massive, government-controlled construction company. [114], The chief United States prosecutor, Robert H. Jackson, of the U.S. Supreme Court said, "Speer joined in planning and executing the program to dragoon prisoners of war and foreign workers into German war industries, which waxed in output while the workers waned in starvation. Included in the building works was material to build gas chambers, crematoria and morgues. Feigned repentance at Nuremberg, saving his own neck. In his writings, Speer claimed to have finished five thousand books while in prison. [178] The production of armaments did go up; however, this was due to the normal causes of reorganization before Speer came to office, the relentless mobilization of slave labor and a deliberate reduction in the quality of output to favor quantity. He assumed his German readers would not be so gullible and told them the Nazi Party offered a "new mission". Then it was too late; Germany had been destroyed. Hitler's cabinet was dismayed at his tactics, but, regardless, he was able to accumulate new responsibilities and more power. Founded in 1999. In 1918, moved to Schloss-Wolfsbrunnenweg, Heidelberg, Germany. Profile manager: Gordon Becker [ send private message ] However, his other brother Ernst had died in the Battle of Stalingrad, despite repeated requests from his parents for Speer to repatriate him. For a treatise on this aspect of the war including Speer's involvement see: Randall, Hansen, Last edited on 17 February 2023, at 08:56, Reich Minister of Armaments and War Production, Reich Minister of Armaments and Munitions, "Trials of the War Criminals Before the Nuernberg Military Tribunals, Volume II: The Milch Case", "Wartime reports debunk Speer as the good Nazi", "Letter proves Speer knew of Holocaust plan", "Historiker ber Albert Speer: "Er tat alles fr den Endsieg", "Rechtfertigung und Entlastung. "[4] Martin Kitchen's 2015 biography of Speer comes to much the same conclusion. [68] Hitler was closely involved with the design of the tanks, but kept changing his mind about the specifications. [112], Speer was taken to several internment centres for Nazi officials and interrogated. "[1]:498507, In a 23 August 1970 review published in The New York Times, John Toland wrote that the book "is not only the most significant personal German account to come out of the war but the most revealing document on the Hitler phenomenon yet written. Neither the organizers nor Rudolf Hess were willing to decide whether to approve the plans, and Hess sent Speer to Hitler's Munich apartment to seek his approval. [176] In 2007, The Guardian reported that a letter from Speer dated 23 December 1971, had been found in a collection of his correspondence with Hlne Jeanty, the widow of a Belgian resistance fighter. [170] Historian Martin Kitchen states that Speer was actually "fully aware of what had happened to the Jews" and was "intimately involved in the 'Final Solution'". His claim was revealed to be false in a private correspondence written in 1971 and publicly disclosed in 2007. [39], Plans to build a new Reich chancellery had been underway since 1934. He suffered a stroke and died in London on 1 September. For propaganda Hitler claimed during the topping-out ceremony on 2 August 1938, that he had ordered Speer to complete the new chancellery that year. Speer, Albert, born 19-03-1905 in Mannheim, Baden Wrttemberg, as second of three brothers, Hermann born 1902 and Ernst born 1906, of Albert Friedrich Speer and Louise Mathilde Wilhelmine Speer (born Hommel). Speer was born in Mannheim, into an upper-middle-class family. Speer was to be replaced by his subordinate, Karl-Otto Saur. Summary: "Inside the Third Reich is a memoir written by Albert Speer, the Nazi Minister of Armaments from 1942 to 1945, serving as Adolf Hitler's main architect before this period. It's the end of an era: The company's founder Professor Albert Speer passes away in September aged 83. This criticism is mainly presented by the documentary film "Speer Goes to Hollywood" by the director Vanessa Lapa. The Fhrer emerges as neither an incompetent nor a carpetgnawing madman but as an evil genius of warped concepts endowed with an ineffable personal magic. [136] Speer served a full term and was released at midnight on 1 October 1966. [19] This work won Speer his first national post, as Nazi Party "Commissioner for the Artistic and Technical Presentation of Party Rallies and Demonstrations". bio je arhitekt i ministar naoruanja u nacistikoj Njemakoj. FRANKFURT Albert Speer Jr., an internationally prominent architect who sought throughout his life to distance himself from the dark legacy of his father, a member of Adolf . While they were there his friend, Nazi Party official Karl Hanke recommended the young architect to Joseph Goebbels to help renovate the Party's Berlin headquarters. Albert Speer (n.Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer, 19 martie 1905 d. 1 septembrie 1981) a fost un arhitect german care a fost, pentru o parte din al Doilea Rzboi Mondial, ministrul al narmrii i produciei de rzboi pentru al Treilea Reich.Speer a fost arhitectul preferat al lui Adolf Hitler, nainte de a ocupa posturi ministeriale.i-a asumat responsabilitatea pentru crimele . [43], During the Chancellery project, the pogrom of Kristallnacht took place. Described by associates as ice cold. [59] Speer proved to be ambitious, unrelenting and ruthless. Albert Speer (Mannheim, Nmetorszg, 1905. mrcius 19. Inside the Third Reich: Directed by Marvin J. Chomsky. [50] In his final statement at Nuremberg, Speer gave the impression of apologizing, although he did not directly admit any personal guilt and the only victim he mentioned was the German people. [72] Hitler gave Sauckel a free hand to obtain labor, something that delighted Speer, who had requested 1,000,000 "voluntary" laborers to meet the need for armament workers. [1] In 1944, Speer established a task force to increase production of fighter aircraft. [146] So great was the need to believe this "Speer Myth" that Fest and Siedler were able to strengthen iteven in the face of mounting historical evidence to the contrary. Speer did not act on the request until mid-January 1943. [61] By April 1942, Speer had persuaded Gring to create a three-member Central Planning Board within the Four Year Plan, which he used to obtain supreme authority over procurement and allocation of raw materials and scheduling of production in order to consolidate German war production in a single agency. He was credited with a dramatic increase in the shipment of arms that was widely reported as keeping Germany in the war. Speer's Heidelberg school offered rugby football, unusual for Germany, skiing, and Speer was a participant. [154] In his memoirs and interviews, he had distorted the truth and made so many major omissions that his lies became known as "myths". Until 2 September 1943 the position's official name was Reich Minister of Armaments and Munitions. In July1932, the Speers visited Berlin to help out the Party before the Reichstag elections. [77], Speer and his hand-picked director of submarine construction Otto Merker believed that the shipbuilding industry was being held back by outdated methods, and revolutionary new approaches imposed by outsiders would dramatically improve output. [153] He was well-educated, middle class, and bourgeois, and could contrast himself with those who, in the popular mind, typified "bad Nazis". [44] The chancellery was completed in early January 1939. [83] His political rivals used the opportunity to undermine his authority and damage his reputation with Hitler. He goes on to say that at the Nuremberg Trial he stated he "had to share the total responsibility for all that had happened", and that he "was inescapably contaminated morally". The battle is infamous as one of the largest . Inside the Third Reich (German: Erinnerungen, "Memories") is a memoir written by Albert Speer, the Nazi Minister of Armaments from 1942 to 1945, serving as Adolf Hitler's main architect before this period. Albert Speer, (born March 19, 1905, Mannheim, Baden, Germanydied September 1, 1981, London, England), German architect who was Adolf Hitler's chief architect (1933-45) and minister for armaments and war production (1942-45). Na Nrnberkom procesu preuzeo je moralnu odgovornost za svoja djela te je priznao ignorantnost po pitanju Holokausta. Detailed plans were completed in July 1937 and the first shell of the new chancellery was complete on 1 January 1938. In the letter, Speer says, "There is no doubtI was present as Himmler announced on October 6, 1943, that all Jews would be killed. (Black and white photographs from Albert Speer: His Battle With Truth by Gitta Sereny, published by Picador) To date, the foundation has given more than 500,000 in grants to more than 100 Jewish women for projects. He had walked more than 30,000 kilometres (19,000mi), ending his sentence near Guadalajara, Mexico. Reporters and photographers crowded both the street outside Spandau and the lobby of the Hotel Berlin where Speer spent the night. [123] Wolters raised a total of DM158,000 for Speer over the final seventeen years of his sentence. [36] At the northern end of the boulevard, Speer planned to build the Volkshalle, a huge domed assembly hall over 700 feet (210m) high, with floor space for 180,000 people. He set about extending his power and influence with unexpected ambition. Speer has paid his penance for his part of the inner circle and had come to the realization of Germany's reality during WWII. letters that exist between ernst and the parents which he wrote and His father, the son and grandson of architects, had joined the Nazi party in 1931 and soon . Many more buildings were planned. [43] The Schutzstaffel (SS) built two concentration camps in 1938 and used the inmates to quarry stone for its construction. Concerned about retaining power, he did not appoint a deputy and continued to direct work of the Armaments Ministry from his bedside. [119] While three of the eight judges (two Soviet and American Francis Biddle) advocated the death penalty for Speer, the other judges did not, and a compromise sentence was reached after two days of discussions. Through his autobiographies and interviews, Speer carefully constructed an image of himself as a man who deeply regretted having failed to discover the monstrous crimes of the Third Reich. [40] Speer was involved virtually from the beginning. [113] Speer was indicted on four counts: participating in a common plan or conspiracy for the accomplishment of crime against peace; planning, initiating and waging wars of aggression and other crimes against peace; war crimes; and crimes against humanity. He was found guilty of war crimes and crimes against humanity, principally for the use of slave labor, narrowly avoiding a death sentence. The Soviet Union, having demanded a death sentence at trial, was unwilling to entertain a reduced sentence. Albert Speer, nemki arhitekt in politik, * 19. marec 1905, Mannheim, 1. september 1981, London, Zdrueno kraljestvo . [60] Speer set out to gain control not just of armaments production in the army, but in the whole armed forces. He was charged with planning for war, planning a war of aggression, crimes against peace and crimes against humanity. Die Zelle. [91], On 14 April 1944, Speer lost control of Organisation Todt to his Deputy, Franz Xaver Dorsch. With Rutger Hauer, John Gielgud, Maria Schell, Blythe Danner. [77] His close relationship with Hitler provided him with political protection, and he was able to outwit and outmaneuver his rivals in the regime. [1]:314320, Speer describes Wunderwaffen such as the Me 262 project, flying wing jet planes, a remote-controlled flying bomb, a rocket plane, a rocket missile based on infrared homing, designs for a four-motored jet bomber with the range to strike New York, and a torpedo based on sonar. [11] As such, Speer taught some of his classes while continuing his own postgraduate studies. Naval armaments were not under Speer's supervision until October 1943, nor the Luftwaffe's armaments until June of the following year. [120], On 18 July 1947, Speer was transferred to Spandau Prison in Berlin to serve his prison term. ", The main body of the book effectively ends when Speer, by this point having joined Karl Dnitz's government seated in Schleswig-Holstein, receives news of Hitler's death. Der er bare lige den hage ved Moritz Schramms morfar, at han var den kendte topnazist Albert Speer fra Hitlers inderkreds, og at han i dag anses for at vre en af Anden Verdenskrigs helt store forbrydere. shelved 32,158 times. The idea for this myth came to him after he recalled the panic when car fumes came through an air ventilation system. Albert Speer. [104] During a meeting with Speer on 28/29 March, Hitler rescinded the decree and gave him authority over demolitions. One thing that happened in early 1840 of Victoria time was that The book also shows a photograph from 1943, of . Albert Speer Jr., one of the most important German architects and urban planners, died unexpectedly on September 15, 2017 in Frankfurt. Albert Speer, the Nazi architect who built a Cathedral of Light for Hitler and commanded millions of prisoners in the forced production of weaponry, had a comfortable second life. Speer returned to London in 1981 to participate in the BBC Newsnight programme. He fabricated the additional details. Carefully measuring distance travelled each day, he mapped distances to the real-world geography. He was 76 years old. Before World War II, Speer helped propel the Nazi vision of grandeur and superiority. [5] Speer was active in sports, taking up skiing and mountaineering. Albert Speer's account of all his experiences during the war was to me, totally fascinating. Efforts were made and a search of Ernst's unit ended in failure. Hitler became interested in Speer through his own interest in the arts. [1]:488498,569, Speer's involvement with concentration camp prisoners as a work force came about when Hitler agreed to Himmler's proposal they be used for the secret V-2 project. Speer enthusiastically supported the program and in March 1942 made an order for A4 rockets, the predecessor of the world's first ballistic missile, the V-2 rocket. body was never found or returned to the family and there are some The myth began to fall apart in the 1980s, when the armaments miracle was attributed to Nazi propaganda. These factories were death-traps; discipline was brutal, with regular executions. I presumably had a sense of somber events. [81], In response to the Allied Big Week, Adolf Hitler authorized the creation of a Fighter Staff committee. Sereny gained respect for his sincerity in his personal "battle with truth.". [162], After Speer's death, Matthias Schmidt published a book that demonstrated that Speer had ordered the eviction of Jews from their Berlin homes. Russia in the battle for Stalingrad. The relationship will always amaze. This ignored military realities, as the German armed forces were unable to match the Allies' firepower and were facing total defeat. Like many of those in power in the Third Reich, he was not an ideologue, "nor was he anything more than an instinctive anti-Semite. Despite this opposition, the two married in Berlin on 28 August 1928; seven years elapsed before Margarete was invited to stay at her in-laws' home. Born 1906 [location unknown] Ancestors. There were so many corpses at the Dora underground factory, for example, that the crematorium was overwhelmed. He maintained Hitler was cool towards him for the remainder of his life after learning they had included him on a list of potential ministers. At the end of 1933, he contracted Paul Troost to renovate the entire building. Most days he was invited to dinner. Importantly, he provided an alibi to older Germans who had been Nazis. a nemzeti szocialista Nmet Birodalom fptsze, fegyverkezsi minisztere, a haditermels irnytja.. A hbor befejezse utn Nrnbergben egyetlen volt a brsg el lltott szemlyek kzl, aki elismerte felelssgt a msodik vilghbors esemnyekrt, hsz . [155] Speer was photographed with slave laborers at Mauthausen concentration camp during a visit on 31 March 1943; he also visited Gusen concentration camp. [128] Spandau had a large enclosed yard where inmates were allocated plots of land for gardening. Martin Kitchen, writing in Speer: Hitler's Architect, stated that much of the increase in Germany's arms production was actually due to systems instituted by Speer's predecessor (Fritz Todt) and furthermore that Speer was intimately involved in the "Final Solution". [76], Following his appointment as Minister of Armaments, Speer was in control of armaments production solely for the Army. [158] Kitchen said he had deceived the Nuremberg Tribunal and post-war Germany. The program while advanced proved to be an impediment to the war economy. 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