9 o"A\|h9MxgZ(wpMk UN==dN#R. State governments collected $2.2 trillion of general revenues in 2019. /CS /DeviceRGB AMA is one of the most resourced MMDAs 2 0 obj The challenge is identifying and prioritizing the opportunities that will have the greatest impact and are relatively feasible. /Type /Group Furthermore, the funding that municipalities receive from other government entities is decreasing. 4. /Type /Group /Meta77 66 0 R 0000000016 00000 n /Meta55 44 0 R 2. As such, it should have a seat on the revenue committee as well as the authority to define roles and responsibilities to track the revenue generated across different municipalities. endobj endobj What options would increase federal revenues? Urban Institute, Brookings Institution, and individual authors, 2022. >> endobj /Type /Group 9. incentive from a state or local government and are encouraged to claim the Advanced Manufacturing Investment Credit, a separate incentive administered by the U.S. Department of the Treasury and the Internal Revenue Service that provides a federal income tax credit for qualifying ca pital investments in a facility for which Global Journals Inc. (USA). an increment in revenue generation capacity of MMDAs (Ohemeng & OfosuDarkwah, 2014), the notion that egovernment enhances revenue capacity of state institutions is contentious and needs further investigation. /F1 20 0 R /Tabs /S >> recommended that the local government should provide basic amenities of high quality. What are the tax benefits of homeownership? (*(%8H8c- fd9@6_IjH9(3=DR1%? 0000003670 00000 n This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution. 5356 11 By 2050, 68 percent of the global population will live in urban areas. What are dynamic scoring and dynamic analysis? 3 0 obj /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] Of course, feasibility depends in part on the impact of an action on the city and its residents. Keywords: Local Government, Federalism, Revenue Allocation and Fiscal Federalism 1. A citizens guide to the fascinating (though often complex) elements of the US tax system. McKinsey_Website_Accessibility@mckinsey.com. /Tabs /S How did the TCJA affect tax expenditures? All other taxesincluding corporate income taxes, hotel taxes, and business license taxesprovided $40 billion in revenue (2 percent). How does the federal budget process work? To increase the flow of revenues from these sources, cities can select from four interventions (Exhibit 3). /Type /Group >> %(zC]N"t~'ewd+*a[`.dP(wz)Vio+qjXvVmWHS%n}"GC3m*.#w+.T#p1f^HgC`|Mzcs,JX8/v>na,4t^}$$\X S:ds0{ws:yGu.%;x/\)F@!>od1v((EF|' general sales taxes and gross receipts taxes, Coronavirus Response and Relief Supplemental Appropriations Act, federal funds for local transportation projects, Surveying State Leaders on the State of State Taxes, More Than Fines and Fees: Incorporating Equity into City Revenue Strategies, State and Local Government Revenues and Racial Disparities, Assessing Fiscal Capacities of States: A Representative Revenue SystemRepresentative Expenditure System Approach, Fiscal Year 2012, Governing with Tight Budgets; Long Term Trends in State Finances, Center on Labor, Human Services, and Population, Metropolitan Housing and Communities Policy Center, 8 percent from selective sales taxes on purchases such as, 2 percent from selective sales taxes on purchases such as, 3 percent from other taxes such as a locality'staxes onhotel bookingsandrestaurant meals. /StructParents 9 << Aravind Boddupalli, Tracy Gordon, and Lourdes German (2021), State and Local Government Revenues and Racial Disparities Professional Import Duties Administrators (2006). 2 0 obj /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] It is very important especially for developing countries because in developing . Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Since development demands a lot of capital, this study will critically analyze the relationship between local government finance system i.e. /Type /Page Nicole Badstuber, London congestion charge has been a huge success. /Image8 18 0 R Revenue generation: Its impact on government developmental effort (A study of selected local council in Kogi East senatorial district). 6 >> As a result of these twin trends, a majority of the municipalities around the world are struggling to increase revenues while facing structural budget shortfalls that threaten service delivery and quality. Okwori, J., & Sule, A. Li'}4I>A7i3;g f>dm,orW6XCid&ntGMhJ^ur!y]j]V CWD.6Eh.\Z35 =+`=+Zj:8l?3ZbS8h._=mp,:bx+2r&^N J'%3U4oHnkb~u*k.[pg stream /CS /DeviceRGB 7 Other strategies, such as payment plans, can also reduce leakage and increase collections. Cities that want to implement new charges will be more likely to build public support if such measures both induce positive behavior and have a clear, equitable, and risk-averse public benefit. What are Roth individual retirement accounts? >> /F4 85 0 R /Kids [4 0 R 5 0 R 6 0 R 7 0 R 8 0 R 9 0 R 10 0 R 11 0 R 12 0 R 13 0 R] Ayodele, I. O., & Sunday, A. E. (2009). endobj What is the effect of a lower tax rate for capital gains? In general, this intervention represents the horizon for innovation across all revenue streams. 1 0 obj Governments should ensure that fee levels cover the costs of services being provided in the majority of cases. V)gB0iW8#8w8_QQj@&A)/g>'K t;\ $FZUn(4T%)0C&Zi8bxEB;PAom?W= 0000000532 00000 n n /, another reform of local government #as, established. Last, municipalities could increase revenues by implementing higher fees for faster processing times or better service. /ModDate (D:20131230000155+10'00') /Font << xref The principal aims of creating local governments were as follows: 1. )U!$5X3/9 ($5j%V*'&*r" (,!!0b;C2( I8/ What is the difference between marginal and average tax rates? Prior to the 2011 state income tax increase local governments received a 10.0% share of the income tax revenue. Meanwhile, individual income taxes have also increased as a percentage of state and local general revenue, providing 10 percent in 1977 and 13 percent in 2019. /GS31 30 0 R The percentage fell to a low of 8.0 percent in 1984 and peaked at 9.9 percent in 2009. Much of the change in local government revenue relative to the economy resulted from increasing and decreasing transfers from federal and state governments. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] >> In our experience, governments can capture significant valueup to 50 percent of potential additional revenuesby implementing measures linked to effectiveness such as enhancing collections and audit processes or better asset monetization. It operates a federal system of government that is, . Contemporary issues in local government administration in Nigeria. 9 0 obj /Meta44 31 0 R 6. What are the sources of revenue for local governments? Who benefits from the deduction for charitable contributions? /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] Revenue from charges, fees, and miscellaneous sources increased from 15 percent to 23 percent in 1985 and has remained roughly at that level since then (figure 2). Based on option B; 72 respondents (38.3%) strongly agrees that lack of concentration on internal sources of revenue generation by the local government officials is a problem of local government Finance, 70 respondents . To instill a culture of performance, organizations should set targets for net revenues and select key performance indicators (KPIs). Although local government revenue was about the same relative to gross domestic product in 1977 (8.6 percent) and 2017 (8.7 percent), it has fluctuated over the period (figure 3). /Font << revenue generation still remains poor due to local government being unable to exploit revenue areas because of the interference of State Government in local government affairs. /Meta99 77 0 R 4. Predicting Municipal Fiscal Distress: Aspiration or Reality? Cambridge, MA: Lincoln Institute of Land Policy. / What does it mean for a government program to be off-budget? /F6 41 0 R What is the difference between a tax-exclusive and tax-inclusive sales tax rate? What would and would not be taxed under a broad-based income tax? <> /Meta41 36 0 R >> The revenue generation is not exceptional to :muahia North, Do not sell or share my personal information. https://www.grin.com/document/293498. /Contents 43 0 R fPU1"kVVY%9kgi=IIbjm_l g$+pVS?Fn!:El0L4m^. >> As a local government leader, you're pressed to keep up with the immediate needs of your community during the COVID-19 crisis. /Font << >> The research instruments used for data collection were questionnaire and interview. What is the role of monetary policy in alleviating economic downturns? 10 0 obj "Follow the Money: How to Track Federal Funding to Local Governments." Local governments collected $1.9 trillion in general revenues in 2019. /Type /Page /Meta40 35 0 R How does the deduction for state and local taxes work? Transfers from the federal government have fluctuated considerably over the past three decades. /Group << % /Font << appropriate. HyTSwoc [5laQIBHADED2mtFOE.c}088GNg9w '0 Jb Local government personnel can be trained to administer simple but adequate revenue generation instruments. /Image93 73 0 R This can be accomplished through moves that wont adversely affect public opinion or a citys competitiveness in attracting businesses and economic development. Government and to the State Governments. 11 0 obj Fix the home. This intervention includes expanding the sheer quantity of service offerings and assets, extending charges to a larger user base, or increasing the frequency of surveillance and inspection for selected fine sources to maximize detection of violations. Alao, D. O., & Alao, E. M. (2013). >> Candice Ferrette and Robert Brodsky, Red-light camera revenues jump in Nassau County, Newsday, June 10, 2018, newsday.com. Do all people eligible for the EITC participate? /Type /Group >> Cameron Amos and Jesper Lindqvist, Finlands fine example, The Australia Institute, January 2016, tai.org.au. /F5 40 0 R stream 0000003592 00000 n endobj PubMedGoogle Scholar, Insitute of African Studies, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada, 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG, Ntiwunka, G., Ayodele, T.M. One strategy that cities have followed is introducing an amnesty program for delinquent parking tickets that waives penalties and additional fines as an incentive for motorists to pay up. University Press. Dubai instituted a knowledge dirham, a flat charge that applies to all government services. OECD fiscal decentralization database (object name Table 12: 1970 2016), OECD, accessed April 15, 2019, oecd.org. 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